Recent advances in scalable exosome production: Challenges and innovations
Huahua Chen, Qingfeng Li · 27 May 2025
Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles (30–150 nm), play a crucial role in intercellular communication and are promising biomarkers and therapeutic agents in oncology, neurodegenerative disorders, and immunotherapy. However, their widespread clinical adoption is constrained by challenges in scalable production, efficient purification, and regulatory standardization. This review critically evaluates recent advancements in exosome bioprocessing, including cell source…
Polydeoxyribonucleotide: A promising skin anti-aging agent
Aawrish Khan, Guobao Wang, Feng Zhou et al. · 22 Oct 2022
Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) consists of DNA fragments with molecular weights ranging from 50 to 1 500 kDa, which are mainly extracted from the sperm cells of salmon trout or chum salmon. Many preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the properties of PDRN. These include anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-osteoporotic, anti-melanogenetic, anti-allodynic, anti-osteonecrotic, bone regenerative, tissue damage preventive, anti-ulcerative,…
Electric Field: A Key Signal in Wound Healing
Naixin Jia, Jinrui Yang, Jie Liu et al. · 1 Jun 2021
Wound healing is a complex biological process that involves proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Endogenous electric field (EF)-directed migration of keratinocytes (galvanotaxis) is an essential step in wound re-epithelialization. Endogenous EFs are generated instantaneously after an injury because of the collapse of transepithelial potentials. The application of exogenous EF has become increasingly widespread in promoting wound…
A review of complications of polyacrylamide hydrogel injection
Chenlu Xiong, Youbai Chen, Yujian Xu et al. · 1 Dec 2022
Once a popular injectable filler, polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) has been banned in China since 2006 due to its unclear safety and long-term complications. However, it is still being used worldwide because of its huge commercial profit, leading to emerging complications and an urgent need for standardized clinical management. This review aimed to assess the properties,…
Revolutionizing diabetic wound healing: The power of microneedles
Chun Liang, Ren Wang, Tian He et al. · 1 Dec 2023
Diabetic wounds significantly affect patient quality of life. Microneedles are a promising treatment to accelerate wound healing owing to their high drug-loading capacity and efficient drug delivery; however, few studies to date have comprehensively reviewed microneedles for diabetic wound healing. This up-to-date review summarizes the research progress in microneedles for diabetic wound healing, including manufacturing…
